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Nethereum: Integrating With Azure And Quorum

This article demonstrates how to integrate Nethereum with the Azure Blockchain Service and Quorum.

If you would like to run the sample directly, feel free to use Nethereum’s playground: - Azure Blockchain Service: Interacting with a Quorum member node - Azure Blockchain Service: Interacting in private with a Quorum member

1 - Creating an Azure Account or click sign in if you already have one

2 - Creating A Quorum Blockchain Member On Your Azure Dashboard

Creating a Blockchain member will spin-up a network with two validators nodes and one transaction node on Azure, create a consortium and make you a member of that consortium. If you create a member in an existing consortium, Azure will add your account as a member.

Interacting with Quorum

Web3 setup and authentication

  • Select the name of your newly created consortium member
  • Select “transaction nodes”
  • Choose the node you need to connect to from the list of nodes, then “sample code”
  • Finally select the ‘Nethereum’ tab. You’ll obtain a list of pre-filled methods you can pick from, to connect to your particular Quorum instance.

Interacting With a Quorum Azure Service Member In Public Mode

Url basic authentication

Required libraries:

using Nethereum.Web3;
using Nethereum.ABI.FunctionEncoding.Attributes;
using Nethereum.Contracts.CQS;
using Nethereum.Util;
using Nethereum.Web3.Accounts;
using Nethereum.Hex.HexConvertors.Extensions;
using Nethereum.Contracts;
using Nethereum.Contracts.Extensions;
using Nethereum.Web3.Accounts.Managed;
using System;
using System.Numerics;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
Basic user/password authentication can be used by including the user name and password in the Url:

https:<membername>:<password>@membername.blockchain.azure.com:3200

To create a read only instance of Web3 you will need to do just the following:

var web3 = new Web3("https:<quorumMemberName>:<password>@quorumMemberName.blockchain.azure.com:3200");
var blockNumber = await web3.Eth.Blocks.GetBlockNumber.SendRequestAsync();

Token based authentication

Authentication tokens can be found on your Azure dashboard at home > {quorumMemberName} - Transaction nodes > {quorumMemberName} - Access Keys

Access token authentication will use the following format:

https:membername.blockchain.azure.com:3200/<token>

Creating a read/write instance of Web3 will be as follows:

var urlWithToken = "https:quorumMemberName.blockchain.azure.com:3200/<token>_";
var memberAddress = "ADDRESS";
var memberPassword = "THEPASSWORD";
var web3 = new Web3(urlWithToken);

Managed account and Contract interaction

To interact with the the Transaction node (sending transactions) you can create a Managed Account with transaction nodes address and password. You can read more about Accounts here: https://nethereum.readthedocs.io/en/latest/accounts/

In this sample we create an instance of Web3 using a ManagedAccount address and password.

Later on, we couple transactions that are executed using the ERC2O standard token service, one to deploy the smart contract, the other to transfer some tokens.

Creating A Web3 Instance Using A Managed Account

  var managedAccount = new ManagedAccount("0xca1e76c9876e5ba1e7c307696a7ea48eb25eec8c", "password");
  var web3Managed = new Web3(managedAccount, "https://membername.blockchain.azure.com:3200/<token>");
  var balance = await web3Managed.Eth.GetBalance.SendRequestAsync("0xca1e76c9876e5ba1e7c307696a7ea48eb25eec8c");

We can use the same setup to deploy an ERC20 smart contract and interaction with it is the same as per New ERC20 smart contract (contracts and function definition at the end of this page)

var deploymentMessage = new StandardTokenDeployment
{
TotalSupply = 100000
};
var deploymentHandler = web3Managed.Eth.GetContractDeploymentHandler<StandardTokenDeployment>();

var transactionReceipt = await deploymentHandler.SendRequestAndWaitForReceiptAsync(deploymentMessage);

var contractAddress = transactionReceipt.ContractAddress;

Interacting With a Quorum Azure Service Member In Private Mode

Required libraries:

using Nethereum.Web3;
using Nethereum.ABI.FunctionEncoding.Attributes;
using Nethereum.Contracts.CQS;
using Nethereum.Util;
using Nethereum.Web3.Accounts;
using Nethereum.Hex.HexConvertors.Extensions;
using Nethereum.Contracts;
using Nethereum.Contracts.Extensions;
using Nethereum.Web3.Accounts.Managed;
using System;
using System.Numerics;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

The following demonstrates how to interact with the a member in “private mode” of a Quorum Azure Blockchain Service The only difference you will encounter to interact with a public node is the usage of your new url including a Token also unlocking the ManagedAccount using the memberAddress and password and finally the need to set the nodes that will have access to the contracts and transactions in private node.

var urlWithToken = "https:nethereummember1.blockchain.azure.com:3200/<token>_";
var memberAddress = "ADDRESS";
var memberPassword = "THEPASSWORD";
Initialising Web3Quorum with a custom QuorumAccount, this is required to work in Private mode.

var web3Private = new Web3Quorum(new QuorumAccount(memberAddress), uriWithAccessTokenNode1);
var unlocked = await web3Private.Personal.UnlockAccount.SendRequestAsync(memberAddress, memberPassword, 30);
Set the nodes to work in private mode for this web3 instance

web3Private.SetPrivateRequestParameters(new[]
{"8pZ4ekcWwnmQsz/Ea4Y/djWveSm57yQ4CZx79DwyOSk=", "UzQSRcULS1jHCFmcQkAoYh5vt7nL9U8pfy26qB+gy00="});
Deploying new ERC20 smart contract using the Standard token library service

var deploymentMessage1 = new StandardTokenDeployment
{
TotalSupply = 100000
};

var deploymentHandler = web3Private.Eth.GetContractDeploymentHandler<StandardTokenDeployment>();
Deploying is done as with as in a public instance

var transactionReceipt = await deploymentHandler.SendRequestAndWaitForReceiptAsync(deploymentMessage1);

var contractAddress = transactionReceipt.ContractAddress;

We can now interact with the contract, only authorized nodes will have access to this data

var receiverAddress = "0xde0B295669a9FD93d5F28D9Ec85E40f4cb697BAe";
var transfer = new TransferFunction()
{
To = receiverAddress,
TokenAmount = 100
};
var transferHandler = web3Private.Eth.GetContractTransactionHandler<TransferFunction>();
var txnTransfer = await transferHandler.SendRequestAndWaitForReceiptAsync(contractAddress, transfer);

Contracts and Function Definitions Used In This Article

    public class StandardTokenDeployment : ContractDeploymentMessage
    {
        public static string BYTECODE =
            "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";

        public StandardTokenDeployment() : base(BYTECODE)
        {
        }

        [Parameter("uint256", "totalSupply")]
        public BigInteger TotalSupply { get; set; }
    }

    [Function("transfer", "bool")]
    public class TransferFunction : FunctionMessage
    {
        [Parameter("address", "_to", 1)]
        public string To { get; set; }

        [Parameter("uint256", "_value", 2)]
        public BigInteger TokenAmount { get; set; }
    }

    [Function("balanceOf", "uint256")]
    public class BalanceOfFunction : FunctionMessage
    {
        [Parameter("address", "_owner", 1)]
        public string Owner { get; set; }
    }
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